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Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG) Clarification Bulletin 5 (Revised)
April, 18th 2017
             Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG) Clarification Bulletin 5

`Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group' (ITFG) of Ind AS (IFRS) Implementation Comm ittee has
been constituted for providing clarifications on timely basis on various issues related to the
applicability and/or implementation of Ind AS under the Companies (Indian Accounting
Standards) Rules, 2015, raised by preparers, users and other stakeholders.

At the 5th meeting of Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG) held on September 19, 2016 at
Mumbai, certain issues received from members were discussed. The Group after due
deliberations decided to issue clarifications1 on the issues considered at the meeting:

However, at 8th and 9th meetings of Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG) held on April
01, 2017 and April 08, 2017 respectively at Mumbai, the Group reconsidered certain issues of
Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG) Clarification Bulletin 5 on the basis of
representations received from stakeholders and decided to withdraw the Issue No. 2 and to revise
Issue No. 4 and Issue No 5 of the said Bulletin.

In accordance with the above, the revised Ind AS Transition Facilitation Group (ITFG)
Clarification Bulletin 5 is as follows:


Issue 1

ABC Ltd. is a listed company. The net worth of ABC Ltd. as on 31st March 2014 was Rs.
200 crores.

ABC Ltd. had a subsidiary, namely, XYZ Ltd. as at 31st March, 2015 whose net worth,
consisting only of share capital as at that date, was Rs. 600 crores. XYZ Ltd. was
incorporated in January, 2015. It was incorporated only for the purposes of its divestment.
The financial statements of XYZ Ltd. were not consolidated with that of ABC Ltd. as at
31st March, 2015 in view of requirements of Paragraph 11 of Accounting Standard (AS) 21,
Consolidated Financial Statements.

ABC Ltd. entered into agreement with a proposed acquirer of the subsidiary, i.e., PQR
Ltd., in September, 2015. The entire ownership of XYZ Ltd. was finally transferred to the
said acquirer in the first fortnight of April, 2016.


1
 Clarifications given or views expressed by the ITFG represent the views of the members of the Ind AS Transition
Facilitation Group (ITFG) and are not necessarily the views of the Ind AS (IFRS) Implementation Committee or the
Council of the Institute. The clarifications/views are based on the accounting principles as on the date the Group
finalises the particular clarification. The date of finalisation of each clarification is indicated along with the
clarification. The clarification must, therefore, be read in the light of any amendments and/or other developments
subsequent to the issuance of clarifications by the Group.

                                                                                                   Page 1 of 12
In the given case, whether the ABC Ltd. is required to comply with Ind AS from the
financial year 2016-17?

Response

Rule 4(1)(ii) of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, states as under:

 "......

 (ii) the following companies shall comply with the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) for
 the accounting periods beginning on or after 1st April, 2016, with the comparatives for the
 periods ending on 31st March, 2016, or thereafter, namely:-

    (a) companies whose equity or debt securities are listed or are in the process of being listed
    on any stock exchange in India or outside India and having net worth of rupees five hundred
    crore or more;

    (b) companies other than those covered by sub-clause (a) of clause (ii) of sub-rule (1) and
    having net worth of rupees five hundred crore or more;

    (c) holding, subsidiary, joint venture or associate companies of companies covered by sub-
    clause (a) of clause (ii) of sub-rule (1) and sub-clause (b) of clause (ii) of sub- rule (1) as the
    case may be; and".

In accordance with the above, it may be noted that holding, subsidiary, joint venture, associate
companies of companies falling under any of threshold specified Rule 4(1)(ii) are required to
comply with Ind AS from financial year 2016-17.

Further, Rule 4(2)(b) of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015, states as
under:

   "

   (2) For the purposes of calculation of net worth of companies under sub-rule (1), the

       following principles shall apply, namely:-

   .........

   (b) for companies which are not in existence on 31st March, 2014 or an existing company
       falling under any of thresholds specified in sub-rule (1) for the first time after 31st
       March, 2014, the net worth shall be calculated on the basis of the first audited financial
       statements ending after that date in respect of which it meets the thresholds specified in
       sub-rule (1).

                                                                                         Page 2 of 12
  Explanation- For the purposes of sub-clause (b), the companies meeting the specified
      thresholds given in sub-rule (1) for the first time at the end of an accounting year shall
      apply Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) from the immediate next accounting year
      in the manner specified in sub-rule (1).

  Illustration - (i) The companies meeting threshold for the first time as on 31st March, 2017
      shall apply Ind AS for the financial year 2017-18 onwards.

  (ii) The companies meeting threshold for the first time as on 31st March, 2018 shall apply Ind
      AS for the financial year 2018-19 onwards and so on.

On a combined reading of Rule 4(1) and (2) of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards)
Rules, 2015, if an existing company meets the net worth criteria before mandatory applicability
dates laid down in the roadmap, the company would be required to follow Ind AS as per the
dates for implementation of Ind AS prescribed in the roadmap, i.e., 2016-17 or 2017-18, as the
case may be.

In the given case, Ind AS will be mandatorily applicable to XYZ Ltd. from financial year, 2016-
17 since its net worth as on 31st March, 2015 is more than Rs. 500 crores.

As already clarified in ITFG Clarification Bulletin 3 as Issue No. 5, consistent approach would
be followed to consider the definitions given in Ind AS both for the purpose of preparing
financial statements and determining the relationship with another entity (i.e. subsidiary,
associate, joint venture etc.) for the purpose of applicability of Ind AS. Therefore, the
relationship between ABC Ltd. and XYZ Ltd. should be determined in accordance with Indian
Accounting Standards (Ind AS). Hence, it is irrelevant to consider the fact that XYZ Ltd. was not
a subsidiary company of ABC Ltd. as per the previous GAAP.






In view of the above ITFG clarification, whether ABC Ltd. is a holding company of XYZ Ltd. or
not shall be determined as per Ind AS 110, Consolidated Financial Statements, i.e., evaluating
whether ABC Ltd. Controls XYZ Ltd. or not.

If ABC Ltd. was a holding company of XYZ Ltd. in accordance with Ind AS 110 as at 31st
March, 2015, then ABC Ltd. should comply with Ind AS from the financial year 2016-17, since
Ind AS are applicable to XYZ Ltd. from financial year 2016-17.

Issue 2

An electricity distribution company collects security deposit at the time of issue of
electricity connection, which is refundable when the connection is surrendered. The entity
expects that most of the customers will not surrender their connection. Whether such a
security deposit shall be classified as a`current liability' or a `non-current liability' in the
books of the electricity company?

                                                                                    Page 3 of 12
Stands withdrawn

Since the concept of current and non-current classification of assets and liabilities already
existed under previous GAAP and is already explained in the `General Instructions For
Preparation Of Balance Sheet' pursuant to the requirements of Division II- Schedule III to the
Companies Act, 2013, the issue does not pertain to transition from previous GAAP to Ind AS. In
view of this, the above issue is being withdrawn. The companies should apply the principles of
current and non-current classification based on the respective definition in the Indian
Accounting Standards notified under the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015
and Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.

Issue 3

Ind AS has given the option to consider previous GAAP carrying value of property, plant
and equipment (PPE) as deemed cost for assets acquired before the transition date.
Whether an entity has the option of fair valuing few items of PPE and taking carrying
amounts of the remaining items of PPE as the deemed cost on the date of transition?

Response

No. In accordance with paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, The First-time Adoption of Indian
Accounting Standards, where there is no change in its functional currency on the date of
transition to Ind AS, a first-time adopter of Ind AS has the option to elect to continue with the
carrying value of all of its property, plant and equipment as at the date of transition measured as
per the previous GAAP and use that as its deemed cost at the date of transition after making
necessary adjustments in accordance with paragraph D21 and D21A of Ind AS 101. If a first
time adopter chooses this option, then the option of applying this on selective basis to some of
the items of property, plant and equipment and using fair value for others is not available.

Issue 4

PQR Ltd. had obtained a loan prior to April 1, 2015. The processing fees on the loan were
capitalised as part of the relevant fixed assets as per the previous GAAP. PQR Ltd. is
required to adopt Ind AS from financial year 2016-17. It has chosen to avail deemed cost
exemption provided in paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, i.e., to continue with carrying
value of property, plant and equipment as per the previous GAAP. The loan needs to be
accounted for as per amortised cost method in accordance with Ind AS 109, Financial
Instruments.

Whether PQR Ltd. is required to adjust the carrying amount of fixed assets as per the
previous GAAP to reflect accounting treatment of processing fees as per Ind AS 109?

Response

                                                                                      Page 4 of 12
Paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards, states as
under:

       "Where there is no change in its functional currency on the date of transition to Ind ASs,
       a first-time adopter to Ind ASs may elect to continue with the carrying value for all of its
       property, plant and equipment as recognised in the financial statements as at the date of
       transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and use that as its deemed cost
       as at the date of transition after making necessary adjustments in accordance with
       paragraph D21 and D21A, of this Ind AS. For this purpose, if the financial statements
       are consolidated financial statements, the previous GAAP amount of the subsidiary shall
       be that amount used in preparing and presenting consolidated financial statements.
       Where a subsidiary was not consolidated under previous GAAP, the amount required to
       be reported by the subsidiary as per previous GAAP in its individual financial statements
       shall be the previous GAAP amount. If an entity avails the option under this paragraph,
       no further adjustments to the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment so
       determined in the opening balance sheet shall be made for transition adjustments that
       might arise from the application of other Ind ASs. This option can also be availed for
       intangible assets covered by Ind AS 38, Intangible Assets and investment property
       covered by Ind AS 40, Investment Property."

In accordance with the above, when the option of deemed cost exemption is availed for property,
plant and equipment under paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, no further adjustments to the
deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment shall be made for transition adjustments that
might arise from the application of other Ind AS.

However paragraph 10 of Ind AS 101, inter alia, provides that Ind AS will be applied in
measuring all recognised assets and liabilities except for mandatory exceptions and voluntary
exemptions from other Ind AS as prescribed under Ind AS 101.

In absence of any other mandatory exception or voluntary exemption applicable in this case, the
carrying amount of loan is required to be restated to its amortised cost in accordance with the
requirements of Ind AS 109 as at the date of the transition. Accordingly, the unamortised amount
of processing cost as at the date of the transition should be adjusted from the carrying amount of
loan to arrive at its amortised cost. In the current case, the Company has already capitalised the
processing cost as a part of the cost of the fixed assets. As a consequence, to restate the carrying
amount of loan in accordance with paragraph 10 of Ind AS 101, the carrying amount of fixed
assets as at the date of the transition should also be reduced by the amount of processing cost (net
of cumulative depreciation impact). The difference between the adjustments to the carrying
amount of loan and to fixed assets, respectively should be recognised in the retained earnings as
at the date of the transition. This treatment would reflect the correct economic reality and result
in faithful representation of the effects of these transactions on transition in accordance with the

                                                                                       Page 5 of 12
requirements of Ind AS. Since the adjustment to fixed assets is only consequential and arising
because of applying the transition requirements of Ind AS 101, it would not be construed as an
adjustment to the deemed cost of property, plant and equipment as envisaged under paragraph
D7AA of Ind AS.

Issue 5

ABC Ltd. is a first-time adopter of Ind AS from the financial year 2016-17. It had received
government grant from the Central Government during the financial year 2012-13 to
purchase a fixed asset. The grant received from the Government was deducted from the
carrying amount of fixed asset as permitted under previous GAAP, i.e. AS 12, Accounting
for Government Grants. ABC Ltd. has chosen to continue with carrying value of property,
plant and equipment as per the previous GAAP as provided in paragraph D7AA of Ind AS
101. As per Ind AS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government
Assistance, such a grant is required to be accounted by setting up the grant as deferred
income on the date of transition and deducting the grant in arriving at the carrying amount
of the asset is not allowed.

In this situation, whether ABC Ltd. is required to adjust the carrying amount of fixed
assets as per previous GAAP to reflect accounting treatment of the government grant as
per Ind AS 20?

Response

Paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, First-time Adoption of Indian Accounting Standards, states as
under:

          "Where there is no change in its functional currency on the date of transition to Ind ASs,
          a first-time adopter to Ind ASs may elect to continue with the carrying value for all of its
          property, plant and equipment as recognised in the financial statements as at the date of
          transition to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and use that as its deemed cost
          as at the date of transition after making necessary adjustments in accordance with
          paragraph D21 and D21A, of this Ind AS. For this purpose, if the financial statements
          are consolidated financial statements, the previous GAAP amount of the subsidiary shall
          be that amount used in preparing and presenting consolidated financial statements.
          Where a subsidiary was not consolidated under previous GAAP, the amount required to
          be reported by the subsidiary as per previous GAAP in its individual financial statements
          shall be the previous GAAP amount. If an entity avails the option under this paragraph,
          no further adjustments to the deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment so
          determined in the opening balance sheet shall be made for transition adjustments that
          might arise from the application of other Ind ASs. This option can also be availed for


                                                                                         Page 6 of 12
          intangible assets covered by Ind AS 38, Intangible Assets and investment property
          covered by Ind AS 40, Investment Property."

In accordance with the above, when the option of deemed cost exemption is availed for property,
plant and equipment under paragraph D7AA of Ind AS 101, no further adjustments to the
deemed cost of the property, plant and equipment shall be made for transition adjustments that
might arise from the application of other Ind AS.

However paragraph 10 of Ind AS 101, inter alia, provides that Ind AS will be applied in
measuring all recognised assets and liabilities except for mandatory exceptions and voluntary
exemptions from other Ind AS as prescribed under Ind AS 101.

In absence of any other mandatory exception or voluntary exemption applicable in this case, the
company shall recognise the asset related government grants outstanding on the transition date
as deferred income in accordance with the requirements of Ind AS 20, Accounting for
Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance. In the current case, the company
has already deducted the amount of grant from the cost of the fixed assets. As a consequence, to
recognise the amount of unamortised deferred income as at the date of the transition in
accordance with paragraph 10 of Ind AS 101, the corresponding adjustment should be made to
the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment (net of cumulative depreciation impact)
and retained earnings, respectively, as the grant is directly linked to the property, plant and
equipment. This treatment would reflect the correct economic reality and result in faithful
representation of the effects of these transactions on transition in accordance with the
requirements of Ind AS. Since the adjustment to the property, plant and equipment is only
consequential and arising because of applying the transition requirements of Ind AS 101, it
would not be construed as an adjustment to the deemed cost of property, plant and equipment as
envisaged under paragraph D7AA of Ind AS.


Issue 6

XYZ Ltd. is covered under Ind AS roadmap and needs to comply Ind AS from financial
year 2016-17. It has recorded certain spare parts in its previous GAAP financial statements
as a part of inventory. As per paragraph 8 of Ind AS 16, these items meet the definition of
`property, plant and equipment' and required to be capitalised as PPE on the date of
transition to Ind AS. In this regard, clarify the issues given below:

 (i)      At what amount such spare parts should be recognised in the first Ind AS financial
          statements? Whether depreciation should be charged from the date when the same
          became available for use or date of actual use?



                                                                                   Page 7 of 12
(ii)   Explain the words `more than one period' used in definition of property, plant and
       equipment.

Response

 (i)   As per Ind AS 16,Property, Plant and Equipment, `property, plant and equipment', are
       tangible items that:

              (a)     are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for rental
                      to others, or for administrative purposes; and

              (b)     are expected to be used during more than one period.

       Further paragraph 7 of Ind AS 16, states as under:

       "The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment shall be recognised as an asset if,
       and only if:

              (a)     it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will
                      flow to the entity; and

              (b)     the cost of the item can be measured reliably."

       As per paragraph 8 of Ind AS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment, items such as spare
       parts are to be recognised as property, plant and equipment in accordance with Ind AS
       16, when they meet the definition of `property, plant and equipment'. Otherwise such
       items are classified as inventory.

       Therefore, if an item of spare part meets the definition of `property, plant and equipment'
       as mentioned above and satisfies the recognition criteria as per paragraph 7 of Ind AS 16,
       such an item of spare has to be recognised as property, plant and equipment. If that spare
       part does not meet the definition and recognition criteria as cited above that spare is to be
       recognised as inventory [Refer - Issue 9 of ITFG Clarification Bulletin 3].

       As per paragraph 10 of Ind AS 101, except for the mandatory exceptions and voluntary
       exemptions provided in Ind AS 101, an entity shall, in its opening Ind AS Balance Sheet:

                (a)   recognise all assets and liabilities whose recognition is required by Ind
                      ASs;
                (b)   not recognise items as assets or liabilities if Ind ASs do not permit such
                      recognition;




                                                                                       Page 8 of 12
                (c)   reclassify items that it recognised in accordance with previous GAAP as
                      one type of asset, liability or component of equity, but are a different type
                      of asset, liability or component of equity in accordance with Ind ASs; and
                (d)   apply Ind ASs in measuring all recognised assets and liabilities.

       Paragraphs D5 to D8B provide various deemed cost exemptions that an entity may elect
       to use on the date of transition. In this regard, it is pertinent to note that paragraph D7AA
       of Ind AS 101 provides an option to continue the carrying values for all of its property,
       plant and equipment as recognised in the financial statements as at the date of transition
       to Ind ASs, measured as per the previous GAAP and use that as its deemed cost as at the
       date of transition if there is no change in its functional currency. However, the above
       exemption cannot be used for such spare parts in the given case since the same were not
       recognised as fixed assets, i.e., PPE, in the previous GAAP.

       Moreover, paragraph D7AA does not prevent a company to recognise an asset as PPE
       whose recognition is required by Ind AS on the date of transition [Refer Issue 9 of ITFG
       Clarification Bulletin 3].

       In view of the above, the entity should apply applicable Ind AS i.e. Ind AS 16
       retrospectively to measure the amount that will be recognised for such spare parts on the
       date of transition to Ind AS.

       With regard to deprecation, paragraph 50 of Ind AS 16 provides that the depreciable
       amount of an asset shall be allocated on a systematic basis over its useful life.

       As per paragraph 6 of Ind AS 16, Useful life is:

              (a)     the period over which an asset is expected to be available for use by an
                      entity; or

              (b)     the number of production or similar units expected to be obtained from the
                      asset by an entity.

       Paragraph 55 of Ind AS 16, inter alia, provides that depreciation of an asset begins when
       it is available for use, i.e., when it is in the location and condition necessary for it to be
       capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

       Spare parts are generally available for use from the date of its purchase. Accordingly,
       spare parts recognised as property, plant and equipment shall be depreciated when the
       same are available for use.

(ii)   As per Ind AS 16, `property, plant and equipment', are tangible items that:


                                                                                       Page 9 of 12
                  (a)     are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for
                          rental to others, or for administrative purposes; and

                  (b)     are expected to be used during more than one period.

          Accounting policies are the specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices
          applied by an entity in preparing and presenting financial statements.

          The term `more than one period' is not defined in Ind AS. Ordinarily, the accounting
          policies are determined for preparing and presenting financial statements on annual basis.
          Accordingly, the term `period', should ordinarily be construed to be the annual period.








Issue 7

ABC Ltd. has entered into an operating lease agreement for taking a building on lease. The
rent agreement is for 5 years with escalation of lease rent at the rate of 15% p.a. The
general inflation in the country expected for the aforesaid period is around 6%.

Shall the lease payments be straight-lined or not as per Ind AS 17? If yes, should the entire
15% p.a. escalation in lease rent be straight-lined over a period of 5 years or only the
difference which exceeds the expected inflation rate will be straight-lined?

Response

Paragraph 33 of Ind AS 17, Leases, states as follows:

"Lease payments under an operating lease shall be recognised as an expense on a straight -line
basis over the lease term unless either:

          (a)    another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern of the user's
                 benefit even if the payments to the lessors are not on that basis; or
          (b)    the payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected general
                 inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases. If
                 payments to the lessor vary because of factors other than general inflation, then
                 this condition is not met."

As per paragraph 33 of Ind AS 17, lease payments shall be straight-lined over the period of lease
unless, inter alia, the payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected
general inflation to compensate for the lessor's expected inflationary cost increases. If payments
to the lessor vary because of factors other than general inflation, then lease payments shall be
straight-lined.


                                                                                      Page 10 of 12
Judgement would be required to be made as per the facts and circumstances of each case to
determine whether the payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected
general inflation. Therefore, it is required to evaluate the lease agreement to ascertain the real
intention and attributes of escalation in lease payments, i.e., whether the intention of such
escalation is to compensate for expected general inflation or any other factors.

It is not necessary that the rate of the escalation of lease payments should exactly be equal to the
expected general inflation. If the actual increase or decrease in the rate of inflation is not
materially different as compared to he expected rate of inflation under the lease agreement, it is
not required to straight-line the lease payments. However, the purpose of such escalation should
only be to compensate the expected general inflation rate.

In the given case, the increase of 15% p.a. in lease rentals does not appear to have any link with
general inflation which is expected to be 6%. Accordingly, the entire lease payments should be
straight-lined since the increase is not a compensation for inflation.


Issue 8

Company A Ltd. has equity investment in a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP).
Company A Ltd. has joint control over the LLP and assessed that investment in LLP is a
joint venture. How investment in LLP be accounted for in the separate financial statements
of Company A Ltd? Whether profit share from LLP will be adjusted to the carrying
amount of the investment in LLP in the separate financial statements of Company A Ltd.?

Response

Paragraph 26 of Ind AS 111, Joint Arrangements, prescribes the accounting treatment for
investment in joint arrangements in separate financial statement of joint operator or joint venture
as follows:

          "26   In its separate financial statements, a joint operator or joint venturer shall
                account for its interest in:
                 (a)    a joint operation in accordance with paragraph 20-22;

                (b)    a joint venture in accordance with paragraph 10 of Ind AS 27,
                       Separate Financial Statements."

Paragraph 10 of Ind AS 27, Separate Financial Statements, inter alia, provides that when an
entity prepares separate financial statements, it shall account for investments in subsidiaries, joint
ventures and associates either:


                                                                                       Page 11 of 12
   (a) at cost, or

   (b) in accordance with Ind AS 109.

In the given case, Company A Ltd. has joint control over the LLP and has assessed that
investment in LLP is a joint venture. Accordingly, the entity shall account for its investment in
the joint venture in its separate financial statements as per paragraph 10 of Ind AS 27, i.e. at cost
or in accordance with Ind AS 109. Therefore, adjustment of profit share from LLP to the
carrying amount of the investment in LLP in its separate financial statements is not permitted.

The accounting of return on investment (i.e. profit share from LLP) will depend on the terms of
contract between Company A Ltd. and LLP. The share in profit in LLP shall be recognised as
income in the statement of profit and loss as and when the right to receive its profit share is
established.




                                                                                      Page 12 of 12

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